Health professionals for Συμβουλευτική γονέων και παιδιών near Agios Dimitrios

Malamatou Kelly is a Psychologist - Psychotherapist who maintains a private practice in Nea Smyrni. Motivated by the need to gain a deeper understanding of herself, life, and human relationships, she was led to study psychology. In 2004, she obtained her degree from the Department of Psychology at the University of Crete, as well as her professional practice license. Subsequently, she embarked on a significant journey to acquire valuable experience through various professional and educational settings. She has completed, among other programs, a clinical training program in adult individual psychodynamic psychotherapy, seminars in systemic psychotherapy, and workshops in art therapy. Professionally, she has supported elderly individuals in the “Help at Home” Program, parents in Parent Schools, trainees in Second Chance Schools, employees at the Ministry of Migration and Asylum, immigrants and refugees, women trainees in vocational counseling contexts, as well as children and parents at two schools and two specialized therapy centers.

Currently, she offers psychological support, counseling, and psychotherapy services for adults in her private practice, utilizing a psychodynamic approach in which she continues to deepen her expertise. Her personal need for understanding and development remains as strong as her desire to meet and assist others. Her primary concern is the creation of a safe and stable therapeutic environment characterized by acceptance, empathy, genuine interest, and adherence to ethical standards, so that individuals who approach her can share their feelings, difficulties, and any concerns they may have.

Frrokai Foteini - Elvisa is a Psychologist - Systemic Family Psychotherapist (BSc, MSc, PhDc), PhD Candidate in Psychology, a Sylff Japanese Foundation Fellow, and maintains a private practice in Glyfada. Regarding her educational background, she obtained her first degree from the Department of Psychology at the University of Crete and subsequently earned a Master’s Degree specializing in "Counseling Psychology" from the University of Athens. As a top graduate of the University of Athens, she was awarded by the Sylff Japanese Foundation for "High academic performance and leadership skills." She continued her studies as a PhD Candidate in Psychology at the Department of Early Childhood Education of the University of the Aegean under the supervision of Professor Anastasia Tsabarli, with her doctoral thesis entitled "The Quality of the Sibling Relationship in the Greek Family with a Child with Anxiety Disorder." Concurrently, she completed the four-year program in Systemic Psychotherapy (Individual, Couple, Family) at ESYTHEPAS, which is recognized training by the European Family Therapy Association (EFTA). Between 2019-2022, she served as President of the Chios Psychologists Association and for three consecutive years (2020-2022) she held the 1st position among distinguished businesses in the Health sector in Chios as assessed by the company "AEOTI TIS YGEIAS." She is a highly trained professional with many years of experience, as detailed below. She engages in an ongoing process of education, personal psychotherapy, and supervision, believing that a good therapist has a dual role: that of a professional and a scientist.

Nikolaos Sxoretsanitis is a Clinical Psychologist - Psychoanalyst, graduate of the Department of Psychology and the Master's program in Clinical Psychology at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), and is also a PhD candidate at the same University. Since 2011, he has worked in community mental health services. For the past 10 years, he has been a psychologist at the Babel Day Center. He has been an active member of the Freud Lacan Psychoanalytic Society in Athens from 2010 to the present. He is also a collaborator of Le Pari de Lacan in France and the Irish School of Lacanian Psychoanalysis in Ireland.

Gkirlemi Aria is a Clinical Psychologist and PhD candidate in Clinical Psychology at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, with a private practice in Glyfada. She graduated from the Department of Psychology and holds a postgraduate diploma in Clinical Psychology from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. Additionally, she received further training in the Medical School Program on "Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents" and "Assessment and Treatment of Infants, Children, and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)" from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. She also attended a postgraduate seminar in Clinical Psychopathology at the "Panagiotis Oulis" First Psychiatric Clinic of the University of Athens - Aeginiteio Hospital, in collaboration with the Research University Institute of Mental Health. She served as an external collaborator at the Inpatient Unit - Child Psychiatry Department at the General Children's Hospital "Agia Sofia" and subsequently worked as a psychologist at the Center for Special Therapies "Speech and Communication." From 2020 to 2022, she worked as a psychologist at the Center for Special Therapies "Efthymia Logou." Since 2022, she has been working in the Mobile Mental Health Units of the Northeastern and Western Cyclades of the Regional Development and Mental Health Company. In 2023, she began collaborating with the Galinos Mental Health Institute. Finally, she has published articles in reputable journals.

Christina Toli - Manetou is a Child Psychologist with a private practice in Alimos. She graduated from the Department of Psychology at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. Additionally, she holds a master's degree in school psychology - child psychology from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and a master's degree specializing in Systemic Family Psychotherapy (Family Therapist) from the 1st Psychiatric Clinic of Aeginiteio Hospital.

Maria Vlachaki, MSc, is a Psychologist, Cyberpsychologist, and Psychotherapist, currently operating a private practice in Alimos, Athens.She holds a Bachelor's degree in Psychology from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA) and a Master's degree in Cyberpsychology from the same institution.She has specialized in Systemic and Family Therapy through studies at the Laboratory for the Investigation of Human Relations (Charis Katakis, 2022–2023) and the University Mental Health Research Institute (UMHRI). She is also attending the annual program “Therapeutic Approaches to Addictions” at the 18 ANO Addiction Rehabilitation Center.Her professional experience includes providing individual psychotherapy sessions since September 2023, as well as collaborations with the Psychiatric Clinic of Attikon University General Hospital (volunteer work), the Evaluation Committee for the Ministry of Health’s “Personal Assistant for People with Disabilities” program (June–July 2023), and the “ARGO” Association for Children with Special Needs. Since 2024, she has been working with the Municipal Health Clinics of Nea Smyrni and the P. Sakellaropoulos Association for Social Psychiatry.She is trained in the administration of psychometric tools such as the MMPI-1, Raven's Progressive Matrices, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), MoCA, and the Geriatric Depression Scale.Maria actively participates in numerous scientific conferences, symposia, and workshops related to psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, mental health, and technology. Notably, she has attended the Psychotherapy Conferences of the Hellenic Psychiatric Association, the Panhellenic Conference on Counseling Psychology, events at Attikon Hospital, and seminars by the Hellenic Psychological Society, as well as initiatives promoting community mental health awareness.As a speaker, she presented her research titled “Netflix and binge watching: A qualitative exploration of the subjective viewing experience” at Panteion University (April 9, 2024). She has also participated in a women’s empowerment and breast cancer awareness event at the Kallithea Municipal Library (October 2024), and in a public seminar on cyberbullying organized by the Municipality of Rentis/Moschato (November 2024).

Η Χαρά Κωστάκη είναι Κλινική Κοινωνική Λειτουργός, Συστημική-Οικογενειακή Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια (Ειδ.), MSc και διατηρεί ιδιωτικό γραφείο στον Υμηττό.

Αποφοίτησε από το τμήμα Κοινωνικής Εργασίας του Πανεπιστημίου Δυτικής Αττικής και έλαβε Μεταπτυχιακό τίτλο στην Ψυχική Υγεία Παιδιού και Εφήβου από το Ευρωπαϊκό Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου.

Η ψυχοθεραπευτική πρακτική της βασίζεται στο Εμπλουτισμένο Συστημικό Μοντέλο SANE (System, Attachment, Narrative and Encephalon), για το οποίο εκπαιδεύτηκε στο Ινστιτούτο Εκπαίδευσης και Έρευνας στη Συστημική Ψυχοθεραπεία "Λόγω Ψυχής". Επιπλέον, έχει ολοκληρώσει το πρόγραμμα Κλινικής Ψυχοπαθολογίας της Α' Ψυχιατρικής Κλινικής του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών στο Αιγινήτειο Νοσοκομείο, ενώ η εκπαίδευσή της περιλαμβάνει θεματικές, όπως τα Αφηγηματικά εργαλεία στη θεραπευτική πρακτική από το Ινστιτούτο Εκπαίδευσης και Έρευνας στη Συστημική Ψυχοθεραπεία "Λόγω Ψυχής", τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου από την Εθνική Επιτροπή για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου, καθώς και η Ειδική Αγωγή από το Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου.

Κατά τη διάρκεια της επαγγελματικής της πορείας, εργάστηκε σε δομές που υποστηρίζουν την ψυχική υγεία ευάλωτων μεταναστευτικών και προσφυγικών ομάδων, έχοντας διατελέσει υπεύθυνη προστασίας παίδων και ενηλίκων στον Διεθνή Οργανισμό Μετανάστευσης, καθώς και συνεργάτις του PRAKSIS, της ΜΕΤΑδρασης και της Ε.Κ.Πο.Σ.Π.Ο. "Νόστος". Επιπροσθέτως, έχει εργαστεί ως Αναπληρώτρια Κοινωνική Λειτουργός στην Πρωτοβάθμια Εκπαίδευση, με κύριο ρόλο την υποστήριξη μαθητών, γονέων και εκπαιδευτικών μέσω αξιολογήσεων και ψυχοκοινωνικών παρεμβάσεων.

Στο ιδιωτικό της γραφείο διαμορφώνει ένα σταθερό και προστατευμένο πλαίσιο, μέσα από ατομικές συνεδρίες ψυχοθεραπείας, θεραπείας ζεύγους και οικογένειας, όπου η προσωπική διαδρομή φωτίζεται μέσα από την αφήγηση, χωρίς τον φόβο της κριτικής, με σεβασμό στον προσωπικό ρυθμό των θεραπευόμενων.

Κάθε θεραπευτική διαδικασία αντιμετωπίζεται ως μια κοινή αναζήτηση, όπου η ιστορία του κάθε ανθρώπου αναγνωρίζεται ως η βάση για μια νέα, πιο λειτουργική καθημερινότητα.

Το Harmonylife είναι ένα φιλόξενο και σύγχρονο κέντρο αυτογνωσίας και ψυχικής υγείας στον Άλιμο, αφιερωμένο στην προσωπική εξέλιξη και την ολιστική θεραπεία. Προσφέρει ένα ευρύ φάσμα υπηρεσιών για ενήλικες, εφήβους, ζευγάρια και γονείς, συνδυάζοντας επιστημονικές μεθόδους ψυχοθεραπείας με σύγχρονες εναλλακτικές θεραπευτικές πρακτικές. Η θεραπευτική προσέγγιση του Harmonylife βασίζεται στη συνθετική ψυχοθεραπεία, με στοιχεία από τη γνωσιακή-συμπεριφορική, την ψυχοδυναμική και τη συστημική θεωρία. Παράλληλα, ενσωματώνονται τεχνικές όπως η κλινική ύπνωση, το breathwork, ο διαλογισμός mindfulness, το sound healing και η θετική ψυχολογία, δημιουργώντας ένα πραγματικά ολιστικό μοντέλο θεραπείας που αγγίζει το νου, το σώμα, τα συναισθήματα και το πνεύμα. Η επιστημονική ομάδα του κέντρου απαρτίζεται από έμπειρους επαγγελματίες ψυχικής υγείας, όπως ο Ψυχολόγος Ζαχαριάς Λουκάς-Ίαν, και εξειδικευμένους συνεργάτες που εργάζονται με συνέπεια και ευαισθησία για τη δημιουργία εξατομικευμένων θεραπευτικών πλάνων. Κοινός στόχος είναι η ουσιαστική υποστήριξη του κάθε ανθρώπου στο ταξίδι της αυτογνωσίας και της εσωτερικής μεταμόρφωσης. Στο Harmonylife προσφέρονται υπηρεσίες όπως Ατομικές συνεδρίες ψυχοθεραπείας και συμβουλευτικής, Συνεδρίες υπνοθεραπείας & κλινικής ύπνωσης, Συμβουλευτική γονέων και θεραπεία ζευγαριών, Ομάδες προσωπικής ανάπτυξης και αυτογνωσίας, Βιωματικά εργαστήρια και retreats, καθώς και Ομάδες χαλάρωσης και ψυχικής ενδυνάμωσης με διαλογισμό, ήχο, αναπνοή και σωματική έκφραση. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στη συνεργατική προσέγγιση, όπου διαφορετικές ειδικότητες συνυπάρχουν αρμονικά, προσφέροντας μια ολοκληρωμένη εμπειρία θεραπείας και προσωπικής ενδυνάμωσης. Το Harmonylife αξιοποιεί επίσης θεραπευτικό υλικό και βιβλία που έχουν σχεδιαστεί ειδικά για ομάδες αυτογνωσίας και βιωματικής μάθησης. Το κέντρο έχει αναπτύξει και εταιρικά προγράμματα ψυχικής ενδυνάμωσης, συμβάλλοντας στην ενίσχυση της ευεξίας και της παραγωγικότητας των εργαζομένων, εντός ενός πιο ισορροπημένου και υγιούς εργασιακού περιβάλλοντος. Με βαθιά πίστη στη δια βίου μάθηση και τη συνεχή εξέλιξη, η ομάδα του Harmonylife παρακολουθεί συστηματικά εκπαιδεύσεις, συνέδρια και διεθνή σεμινάρια, φροντίζοντας να παραμένει στην αιχμή της επιστήμης και της θεραπείας. Στο Harmonylife, κάθε άνθρωπος είναι μοναδικός. Και για κάθε άνθρωπο, αξίζει μια πορεία θεραπείας που να του ταιριάζει πραγματικά.

Η Φουρτούνα Ξένια είναι πιστοποιημένη Σύμβουλος Ψυχικής Υγείας – Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια, παρέχοντας ατομικές συνεδρίες συμβουλευτικής και ψυχοθεραπείας σε ενήλικες που επιθυμούν να διαχειριστούν το άγχος, να ενισχύσουν την αυτοεκτίμησή τους, να αντιμετωπίσουν συναισθηματικές δυσκολίες και να βελτιώσουν τις διαπροσωπικές τους σχέσεις. Δημιουργεί ένα ασφαλές και υποστηρικτικό πλαίσιο, στο οποίο ο θεραπευόμενος μπορεί να εκφραστεί ελεύθερα, να ανακαλύψει τις δυνατότητές του και να ενδυναμωθεί.

Είναι απόφοιτος του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, του τμήματος Φιλοσοφίας, Παιδαγωγικής και Ψυχολογίας με ειδίκευση στην Ψυχολογία, ενώ συνεχίζει την απόκτηση δεύτερου πτυχίου στην Ψυχολογία με ειδίκευση στην Κλινική Ψυχολογία (BSc) στο University of Central Lancashire. Έχει ολοκληρώσει μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές (MSc) στη Γνωσιακή Συμπεριφοριστική Θεραπεία με δεξιότητες Συμβουλευτικής στο Canterbury Christ Church University.

Στο πλαίσιο της διαρκούς εξέλιξής της, παρακολουθεί τακτικά επιστημονικά σεμινάρια και εκπαιδεύσεις στον χώρο της ψυχοθεραπείας και της ψυχικής υγείας. Έχει ολοκληρώσει μετεκπαιδεύσεις και εξειδικεύσεις σε τομείς όπως η Ειδική Αγωγή, η Κλινική Ψυχοπαθολογία, η Προαγωγή Ψυχικής Υγείας Παιδιών και Εφήβων, καθώς και οι Διαταραχές Προσωπικότητας (Cluster C, Οριακή Διαταραχή – Διαλεκτική Συμπεριφορική Θεραπεία), σε συνεργασία με πανεπιστημιακά ιδρύματα, όπως το Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών, την Ιατρική Σχολή Ιωαννίνων και το Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής.

Η επαγγελματική της εμπειρία περιλαμβάνει την άσκηση ιδιωτικού έργου ως Σύμβουλος Ψυχικής Υγείας – Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια στο γραφείο της στη Δάφνη, καθώς και τη συνεργασία της με την ΑΜΚΕ Μαζί για το Παιδί στη Συμβουλευτική Γραμμή Στήριξης 11525 από το 2021 έως το 2023. Επιπλέον, έχει πραγματοποιήσει την πρακτική της άσκηση στην Ψυχιατρική Κλινική του Ναυτικού Νοσοκομείου Αθηνών (Ν.Ν.Α) κατά το διάστημα 2019-2021.

Είναι μέλος της Ελληνικής Εταιρείας Συμβουλευτικής (ΕΕΣ) και της Ευρωπαϊκής Εταιρείας Συμβουλευτικής (EAC).

Οι συνεδρίες πραγματοποιούνται δια ζώσης στο γραφείο της ή διαδικτυακά, προσαρμοσμένες στις ανάγκες και τις ιδιαιτερότητες του κάθε θεραπευόμενου.

Triantafyllidou Sofia is a Psychologist - Psychotherapist and maintains a private practice in Alimos. She holds a doctorate in Clinical Social Psychology from the University of Crete. She has received specialized training in a range of psychotherapeutic approaches, including Clinical Psychotherapy using Hypnotherapy (certified by GHSC), EMDR, as well as Music Therapy employing the Guided Imagery and Music (GIM) and Music Imagery (MI) methods. Additionally, she completed postgraduate studies in Educational Psychology at the University of Nicosia. Her professional experience includes extensive work as a psychologist in private practice, as well as in psychosocial support structures for students at higher education institutions such as the University of West Attica and the former Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Athens. She taught Psychology courses for several years at tertiary institutions and vocational training centers (IEK), and has been a member of the Collaborating Educational Staff at the Hellenic Open University since 2013. She has provided psychological support to vulnerable social groups, including individuals with visual impairments and detainees at the Korydallos Judicial Prison Second Chance School, and has served as a Parent Counselor in schools in the Attica region. Her scientific and teaching activities are further supported by research work conducted at the Universities of Crete and Athens.

Karaiskou Euaggelia is a Psychologist-Psychotherapist with a private practice in Hymittos. She studied at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and subsequently specialized in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Since 2015, she has been treating adult and adolescent patients experiencing difficulties related to anxiety (panic attacks, tics, obsessive-compulsive behaviors, etc.), mood disorders (depression, feelings of emptiness, binge eating episodes, anger, etc.), and interpersonal relationship challenges (low self-esteem, impulsivity, commitment, trust, etc.). She also provides counseling and psychotherapeutic support to parents and children over the age of 8. She has been trained in Active Listening within Thomas Gordon’s Effective Communication method, a valuable tool in her work. She continuously pursues further training through seminars, keeping up-to-date with new practices in her field. Her personal therapy, education, and many years of professional experience have led her to the beliefs that: "The first major step toward change and development happens by seeking help." and "Seeking help demonstrates strength and desire, not weakness."

Bivian Mpaika is a Psychologist - Systemic Family Psychotherapist and provides private sessions. She studied Psychology at the Open University of the United Kingdom and trained in Systemic - Integrative Psychotherapy for adults and families at the Laboratory for the Exploration of Human Relationships. She also holds the European Certificate of Psychotherapy (ECP). Initially, choosing to work with adolescents, she studied Physics at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and deepened her understanding of their pedagogical and psychological needs during her postgraduate studies at the Open University. While working in secondary education, she voluntarily coordinated psychoeducational and career guidance programs. Providing her services voluntarily at KETHEA, she participated as an assistant therapist in groups for parents, partners, and siblings of individuals with addiction. She also took part as a co-coordinator of counseling groups for educators. In the field of psychology, she has attended numerous training and educational programs and continues to enhance her skills on topics such as couples therapy, grief management, self-criticism, divorce, addictions, and more.

The Kentro Psyxopaidagogikis Ypostiriksis Psyxagogein is a modern, fully equipped, and specially designed center to meet the needs of children, adolescents, and adults. The Director of the Center is Kentro Psyxopaidagogikis Ypostiriksis Psyxagogein, Psychologist - Child Psychologist - Special Systemic Therapist for Couples and Families. She holds a degree in Psychology from the Faculty of Philosophy of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. The Center's goal is to provide specialized support to children and their families by offering comprehensive services in the field of diagnosis, assessment, therapy, and rehabilitation of developmental and learning difficulties in children and adolescents. Finally, it covers a wide range of therapeutic programs for adults.

Kalliontzaki Giota is a Mental Health Counselor and maintains a private practice in Nea Smyrni, where she conducts counseling sessions. She obtained a diploma in Systemic Family Counseling after completing a three-year study program at the Laboratory for the Investigation of Human Relationships and was subsequently certified as a Mental Health Counselor by the Hellenic and European Association of Counseling. Furthermore, she has received additional training in Counseling, Life Coaching, and Mentoring at the University of the Aegean and has attended numerous seminars on various counseling topics (The Power of Positive Emotions, Psychological Trauma and the Body, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Mindfulness, etc.). Additionally, she holds a degree in French Philology from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and a joint Hellenic-French postgraduate degree titled "Didactics of Multilingualism and Language Educational Policies. Dissemination of Languages and Cultures in Multilingual Environments" from Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and Université du Maine.

Matina Stathaki is a Psychologist - Child Psychologist - Psychotherapist who maintains a private practice in Nea Smyrni. She holds a degree in Psychology from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, with postgraduate specialization in School Psychology from the same university. Since 2007, she has been active in the assessment of learning and emotional difficulties, as well as in counseling and psychological support for children and families. She possesses extensive experience in supporting children, adolescents, parents, and adults. Since 2016, she has operated her own office in Nea Smyrni, where individual and group sessions are offered. She is training in Systemic/Family Psychotherapy and has received additional education in Clinical Psychopathology of adults, children, and adolescents, Eating Disorders, Play Therapy, and Developmental Difficulties. She has collaborated with private centers, kindergartens, and educational institutions, coordinating groups for children and adults as well as parent empowerment programs. Additionally, she has conducted numerous seminars and experiential workshops focusing on therapeutic writing and the use of storytelling as a means of expression. Her therapeutic approach is based on respect, acceptance, and individualized care for each person. She addresses children, adolescents, parents, and adults seeking to manage emotional and learning difficulties, anxiety, or self-esteem issues. Her goal is to create conditions where every individual feels heard, accepted, and able to develop safely. She believes that therapy is not only about managing difficulties but also about discovering the individual's inner strengths.

Karagianni Marieui is a Psychologist who conducts both in-person and online sessions. She holds a professional practice license. She is a graduate of Psychology from Panteion University and holds a master's degree in "Applied Cognitive and Developmental Psychology." She has extensive experience in psychotherapy for adults, children, and adolescents, as well as in parent counseling. She has collaborated with private practices such as the initiatives Trust Your Therapist and Mind Your Emotion, as well as the Child, Adolescent, and Adult Support Center – Voutzis & Co. Additionally, she has been trained in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adults by the Society of Cognitive Behavioral Studies. In the past, she has provided her services to organizations such as the General Hospital of Athens "Evangelismos," the Psychosocial Support Line 10306, and the Speech Processing Institute, and she has also been involved in preparing candidates for transfer exams in Psychology. She is distinguished by her scientific expertise, reliability, and respect for the needs of each patient.

Komninou Eui is a Psychologist, graduate of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, with a professional license to practice. She conducts online counseling and psychotherapy sessions with children, adolescents, and adults. She maintains a strong commitment to continuous education and professional development, having attended numerous seminars and specialized training programs. Since 2023, she has gained valuable experience by completing her internship at the Mental Health Center of the Armed Forces. She has engaged in both psychological assessment using psychometric tools and individual and group sessions with children, adolescents, adults, and families, addressing issues such as addiction management, bridging family relationships, couples therapy, parental counseling, self-image improvement, and enhancing self-awareness. Her goal is to create a safe and supportive therapeutic environment where authentic connection and meaningful psychological support are cultivated with respect for the uniqueness of each individual, through an approach grounded in empathy and acceptance. She invests in creating a trusting space where the individual can freely express themselves without fear of judgment. In this context, particular emphasis is placed on psychological safety, confidentiality, and a consistent therapeutic relationship, taking into account the needs, experiences, and uniqueness of each person.