Orthopaedic - Orthopaedic Surgeons including treatment for children under 12 years near Kantza

Dimitrios Mpazios is an Orthopedic Surgeon - Traumatologist with a private practice in Peristeri. He is a graduate of the Medical School of the University of Ioannina. The doctor specializes in arthroplasty, arthroscopy, sports injuries, spinal disorders, pediatric orthopedics, and traumatology. Additionally, patients can visit his modern clinic for conditions such as sports injuries, cervical syndrome, sciatica, shoulder dislocation, anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus tears, spinal stenosis, scoliosis and kyphosis, osteoarthritis of the knee, hip, and shoulder, herniated disc, among others. Finally, his specialized services include meniscus, cruciate ligament, and chondropathy arthroscopy, osteoporosis screening, intra-articular injections, cast application, as well as monitoring of kyphosis, spondylolysis, and spondylolisthesis.

Georgios Sxinas MD, MSc, PhD is an Orthopedic Surgeon with a private practice in Pefki. He holds a doctorate from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, specializing in Surgical Orthopedics, and completed advanced training in total joint arthroplasties at the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) in New York, supported by a scholarship from the Stavros Niarchos Foundation. As a scholar, he also trained in the sports injuries department of the KAT General Hospital, where he gained extensive surgical experience in sports injuries in both diagnosis and treatment. He serves as a Consultant at Ygeia Hospital and is a former Consultant at the Second Orthopedic Clinic of the General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas," where he acquired significant experience in Emergency Orthopedics, actively participating in the clinic's on-call program. Previously, he worked as a physician in the Orthopedic Clinic at James Paget University Hospital in the United Kingdom. To date, he has authored presentations and publications in renowned scientific and medical journals and has been awarded for the best paper entitled: "Experience and Observations from Bone Lengthening with Unilateral External Fixation Devices."

Ο Γεωργίου Λοΐζος είναι Ορθοπαιδικός Χειρουργός – Τραυματολόγος με ιατρείο στις Αχαρνές.. Είναι εξωτερικός συνεργάτης κλινικών, όπως Γενική Κλινική ΙΑΣΩ, Ευρωκλινική, Ερρίκος Ντυνάν, Κεντρική Κλινική Αθηνών, Αθηναϊκή Mediclinic και Doctors’ Hospital. Ολοκλήρωσε τις σπουδές του αποφοιτώντας με Άριστα (9.84/10) από την Ιατρική Σχολή του Πανεπιστημίου ΄΄CAROL DAVILA΄΄, Βουκουρέστι. Ο ιατρός εκπαιδεύτηκε σε μεγάλα νοσοκομεία, όπως ΚΑΤ, Νοσοκομείο Παίδων "Αγία Σοφία", Γενικό Νοσοκομείο Λευκωσίας, Νοσοκομείο ΄΄Παμμακάριστος΄΄, Νοσοκομείο Σύρου, Νοσοκομείο Σαντορίνης αποκτώντας μεγάλη εμπειρία σε ορθοπαιδικές χειρουργικές επεμβάσεις όλου του φάσματος της ειδικότητας, καθώς και σε συντηρητικές μεθόδους αποθεραπείας. Παράλληλα, η επιστημονική του κατάρτιση εμπλουτίστηκε με την συμμετοχή του στα Τμήματα Νευροχειρουργικής - Σπονδυλικής Στήλης, Πλαστικής Χειρουργικής και Μικροχειρουργικής - Παθήσεων Άνω Άκρου. Έχει εργαστεί ως επιμελητής στο Ιατρικό Κέντρο Αθηνών (Κλινική Αμαρουσίου), ΙΑΣΩ Γενική Κλινική, καθώς και στην Ορθοπαιδική Κλινική του Γενικού Κρατικού ΝίκαιαςΠειραιά. Είναι κάτοχος τίτλων, όπως του ATLS (ADVANCED TRAUMA LIFE SUPPORT), BLS (BASIC LIFE SUPPORT) και της U/S Hip Graaf Method. Ενώ, παράλληλα, είναι μέλος της Ευρωπαϊκής Αθλητιατρικής Εταιρείας, της Ευρωπαϊκής Αρθροσκοπικής Εταιρείας, της AO TRAUMA Foundation, του Ελληνικού Ιδρύματος Οστεοπόρωσης, του Ιατρικού Συλλόγου Αθηνών και του Παγκύπριου Ιατρικού Συλλόγου. Επίσης, συμβάλλει στην σύσταση ιατρικού ερευνητικού υλικού σε ιατρικά περιοδικά, όπως το Cureus. Επιπλέον, έχει διατελέσει ιατρός αθλητικών σωματείων, όπως της Ομόνοιας Λευκωσίας, της ΑΕΚ Λάρνακας, του Ευρωπαϊκού Πανεπιστημίου Λευκωσίας σε τμήματα ποδοσφαίρου, μπάσκετ, βόλεϊ, καθώς επίσης, έχει συνεργαστεί ως βοηθός ιατρικού επιτελείου στην DINAMO FC Βουκουρεστίου με τον Dr. Liviu Batineanu. Ακόμα, ήταν υπεύθυνος ιατρός σε Ακαδημίες Ποδοσφαίρου Αχαρνών Ταύρου. Συμμετέχει σε συνέδρια, σεμινάρια και ημερίδες της ειδικότητάς του και όχι μόνο. Ενημερώνεται διαρκώς για τα τελευταία νέα με στόχο τη συνεχόμενη εκπαίδευση, καθώς και τις καλύτερες δυνατές υπηρεσίες προς τους ασθενείς. Προτεραιότητά του είναι ο σεβασμός στον ασθενή και η αποτελεσματική αντιμετώπιση των ορθοπαιδικών παθήσεων άμεσα και υπεύθυνα. Τέλος, διαθέτει μεγάλη εμπειρία σε αρθροσκοπήσεις, αρθροπλαστικές και στην τραυματολογία αρθρώσεων ώμου, γόνατος, ισχίου και ποδοκνημικής. Ταυτόχρονα, στο ιατρείο του παρακολουθούνται και περιστατικά που αντιμετωπίζονται συντηρητικά.

Dr. Kyrilis Xristos MD, MSc is an Orthopedic Surgeon - Spine Surgeon specializing in spinal surgery, as well as endoscopic spinal surgery, and maintains a private practice in Vrilissia. He was admitted to the Medical School of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and, after completing his studies and fulfilling his military obligations, he began the general part of his specialty in Orthopedics and Traumatology at the General Surgery Clinic of the General Hospital of Agrinio. Since 2014, he worked as an Orthopedics and Traumatology resident at the Attica General Hospital KAT, in the 1st Orthopedic Clinic, until September 2019. During this period, he participated in numerous surgical procedures and contributed to the operation of all departments of the Clinic. Additionally, he was seconded to the Scoliosis and Spine Department of the General Hospital KAT, where he participated in the diagnosis and management of complex cases, covering the entire spectrum of spinal pathology. During his specialty training, he attended numerous educational conferences and seminars, enhancing his knowledge and experience. Continuing his education, he completed his postgraduate studies program at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, focusing on the "Rehabilitation of Spinal Cord and Spinal Cord Injuries." Today, he works as a Scientific Associate at YGEIA Hospital and as a Consultant in the Spine, Scoliosis, and Oncology Department of Metropolitan General Hospital. With his experience and expertise, he is committed to providing high-quality medical care, focusing on pain relief and the restoration of mobility for his patients.

Anoua Nikolaos is a specialized Orthopedic Surgeon and Traumatologist with a private practice in Vrilissia. He has extensive clinical and surgical experience with adults as well as a particular focus on Pediatric Orthopedics. He graduated from the Medical School of Democritus University of Thrace and obtained his specialty title in Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology in 2019. He has served at leading hospitals in the country, such as the General Hospital of Athens "KAT", Metropolitan Hospital, IASO Children’s Hospital, Athens Medical Center, and OSTEON Orthopedic & Spine Clinic, covering a wide range of cases in both children and adults. His expertise also includes additional experience in Pediatric Orthopedics at the General Children’s Hospital of Athens "P. & A. Kyriakou". He is a member of important scientific associations, including the Athens Medical Association, the General Medical Council (UK), the Hellenic Society of Surgery and Orthopedic Traumatology (EEXOT), and the Hellenic Society of Out-of-Hospital Emergency Medicine (EEEE). His goal is to provide personalized and scientifically substantiated care, emphasizing patient safety, functionality, and improvement of quality of life.

Dr. Panagopoulos Georgios is a Director Orthopedic Surgeon with extensive training and surgical experience in the United States of America and the United Kingdom. Although he is involved in the entire spectrum of Orthopedic Surgery, his primary area of expertise/interest is Arthroscopic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Upper Limb (shoulder, elbow, and hand). Dr. Panagopoulos has completed numerous long-term fellowship programs in the upper limb and has served at the highest level as a Consultant Orthopedic Surgeon at one of the largest Trauma Centers in Europe. Dr. Panagopoulos was born and raised in Athens. He completed his medical studies at the Medical School of the University of Rome, graduating with honors (magna cum laude). Subsequently, he completed his Residency in Orthopedic Surgery & Traumatology at the University Orthopedic Clinic of the University of Athens (Attikon University General Hospital). Dr. Panagopoulos expanded his training by completing a fellowship program in the Upper Limb in Pittsburgh, USA (2016-2017). He then served at the world-renowned Shoulder-Elbow Clinic in Reading, United Kingdom (2018-2020), as well as at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital in Stanmore (2020). Dr. Panagopoulos subsequently worked as a Consultant Orthopedic Surgeon at the Royal London Hospital, one of the largest Trauma Centers in the United Kingdom and Europe. He holds a PhD from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.

Andreopoulos Asimakis is an Orthopedic Surgeon - Sports Medicine Specialist who has maintained his medical practice since 2008 in Ilion, Attica. He has been a Consultant at the 1st Orthopedic Clinic of Metropolitan General since 2008 and a collaborator at the Athens Medical Center in the Peristeri Clinic. He specializes in hip and knee arthroplasties, shoulder and knee arthroscopies, and traumatology. Throughout his career, he has worked in numerous hospitals and clinics, such as the General Hospital of Attica KAT and the General Hospital of Athens "Evangelismos," treating conditions including sports injuries, sciatica, fractures, low back pain, osteoarthritis, osteosynthesis, scoliosis, and spinal stenosis. Finally, he is a member of the Athens Medical Association, the Hellenic Society of Orthopedic Surgery & Traumatology, and the Hellenic Osteoporosis Foundation.

Grigorios Sasalos is an Orthopedic Surgeon, Consultant at the Orthopedic Clinic of Metropolitan Hospital, and maintains a private practice in Galatsi. He graduated from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. He received a scholarship from the State Scholarships Foundation to undertake a postgraduate program at the National School of Public Health. He completed his specialization at the First University Clinic of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. He has served for several years as an unpaid Scientific Collaborator at the Second University Clinic of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. He has participated in numerous international conferences, specialized seminars on new techniques, and educational courses. He manages cases across the entire spectrum of reconstructive surgery, hip and knee arthroplasty, with a particular interest in minimally invasive SuperPATH hip arthroplasty. He also undertakes arthroscopic repair of sports injuries in cases unresponsive to conservative treatment.

Mantakos Dimitrios is an Orthopedic Surgeon who maintains private practices in Ilion and Skala Lakonias. Additionally, he serves as Consultant at the 3rd Orthopedic Clinic of the private hospital HYGEIA and as a Scientific Collaborator at the private hospital MITERA. He studied Medicine at the University of Patras and subsequently completed his postgraduate studies in "Metabolic Bone Diseases" at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. He has many years of experience, having specialized at the Penteli General Children’s Hospital where he completed training in Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology, and at the 1st Orthopedic Clinic of the General Attica Hospital KAT. At the same hospital, he further specialized in the Hand - Upper Limb - Microsurgery Clinic, as well as in the Sports Injuries Department. He has also completed courses in Advanced Trauma Life Support, Basic Life Support (BLS), and Prehospital Trauma Life Support. He is a member of the European Pediatric Orthopaedic Society (EPOS), the European Society for Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy (ESSKA), the Hellenic Society of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (HSOST), and the Athens Medical Association. Furthermore, he has attended numerous national and European orthopedic and other specialty conferences and has participated in a significant number of seminars both as an instructor and as a trainee.

Fragkopoulos Konstantinos is an Orthopedic Surgeon who maintains private practices in Korydallos and Keratsini. Additionally, he serves as an Orthopedic Surgeon in the Pediatric Orthopedic Department at Metropolitan Hospital. Furthermore, he has worked at the Orthopedic Clinic of the General Hospital of Nikaia - Piraeus "Agios Panteleimon," in the 2nd Pediatric Orthopedic Clinic of the General Children's Hospital of Athens "Agia Sophia," and in the Microsurgery Clinic of the Upper Limb & Shoulder at the General Hospital of Attica KAT. Finally, the doctor specializes in pediatric orthopedics, sports injuries, and hip and knee arthroplasty.

Stathopoulos Ioannis MD, MSc is an Orthopedic Surgeon with a private practice in Ilioupoli. He is a graduate and PhD candidate of the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and he obtained a postgraduate degree in Metabolic Bone Diseases from the same university. He works as an Attending Orthopedic Surgeon in the Emergency Department of the Athens Medical Center in Marousi and concurrently collaborates with the Joint Reconstruction Clinic at the Athens Medical Center. His specialization focuses on total hip and knee arthroplasties, trauma, and osteoporosis. He has a substantial body of published work in both international and Greek scientific journals and books and has served as a reviewer for scientific articles in international journals. He closely follows advancements in his field and has participated in numerous conferences and seminars, many of which he attended as a speaker. Finally, he is a member of the Athens Medical Association, the Hellenic Osteoporosis Foundation, the Hellenic Society of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, and the Hellenic Society for Bone Metabolism Research.

Dimitrios Kampras is an Orthopedic Surgeon with a private practice in Melissia. He is a PhD candidate at the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and has specialized in Orthopedic Surgery at the 1st Orthopedic Department of the General Children’s Hospital "P. & A. Kyriakou" and at the corresponding department of the Attica General Hospital KAT. He also holds a postgraduate diploma in "Metabolic Bone Diseases - Osteoporosis" from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. Alongside his private practice, he serves as Deputy Director of the Orthopedic Department at "Euroclinic Children’s Hospital" and collaborates with "Errikos Dynan" Hospital Center and the Athens Medical Center. Throughout his professional career, he has gained valuable experience and knowledge, and today, in his private practice, he offers specialized services covering the entire spectrum of orthopedic cases. Finally, he has particular expertise in sports injuries, pediatric orthopedics, and reconstructive surgery of major joints, namely the hip and knee.

Dr. Kostakos Thomas, MD, PhD, FRCS (Tr&Orth) is a specialized Orthopedic Surgeon - Sports Medicine Physician and maintains his private practice in Chalandri. He specializes in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty (robotic and conventional). He is a graduate of the Medical School of Charles University in Prague. He completed his specialty training in Orthopedics and Traumatology in the United Kingdom. He worked and specialized in Robotic Hip and Knee Arthroplasty at the Elective Orthopaedic Centre of University College London Hospital. Non-surgical options are thoroughly explored and managed in close collaboration with physiotherapists, radiologists, and physicians of other specialties, always personalized and according to the patient's needs. When surgical intervention is required, Mr. Kostakos provides an extremely individualized approach in every case, ensuring that the patient remains consistently at the center of decision-making. Mr. Kostakos employs the most modern techniques for bone stock preservation and minimally invasive surgical approaches.

Ο Μάζης Γεώργιος είναι Διευθυντής Ορθοπαιδικός Χειρουργός, υπεύθυνος του τμήματος Χειρουργικής Άνω Άκρου (Ωμού & Αγκώνα) στην Ευρωκλινική Αθηνών. Επίσης, εργάζεται στο Ιατρικό Π. Φαλήρου ως υπεύθυνος του τμήματος Χειρουργικής Άνω Άκρου (Ωμού & Αγκώνα) και Άκρας Χειρός ενώ παράλληλα είναι συνεργάτης του Τμήματος Χειρουργικής Άνω Άκρου και Άκρας Χειρός στην Ορθοπαιδική Κλινική «OSTEON» στο Ιατρικό Αθηνών.

Ο κ. Μάζης κατέχει την θέση του Διευθυντή Ορθοπαιδικού Χειρουργού (Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon) από τον Ιανουάριο 2017 στο Πανεπιστημιακό Νοσοκομείο Queen's NHS Barking, Havering and Redbridge, του Λονδίνου. Διδάκτωρ της Ιατρικής σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ) από τον Ιανουάριο του 2014 (PhD degree) με βαθμό «Άριστα». Έγινε, κατόπιν εξετάσεων, “Fellow of European Board of Orthopaedics and Traumatology” τον Οκτώβριο 2014. Από τον Οκτώβριο του 2016 είναι εξεταστής (examiner) στο Queens Hospital Clinical FRCS (Orth) Course. Τον Ιανουάριο του 2011 έλαβε το μεταπτυχιακό τίτλο σπουδών (Master of Science, MSc) με θέμα «Μεταβολικά Νοσήματα των Οστών» μετά από διετή παρακολούθηση και παρουσίαση διατριβής με βαθμό «Άριστα». Είναι απόφοιτος της Ιατρικής Σχολής Αθηνών (2003 – Εθνικό Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών) Από το 2012 αφοσιώθηκε στο ιδιαίτερο γνωστικό του αντικείμενο, τη Χειρουργική Άνω Άκρου και Άκρας Χειρός, καθώς και στις αρχές της ιατρικής επιστήμης και ηθικής, έχοντας στοχευμένη μετεκπαίδευση σε κορυφαία κέντρα του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου. Διετέλεσε έμμισθος κλινικός υπότροφος (Senior Post CCT Clinical Fellow, 2015) στον τομέα της Χειρουργικής Άνω Άκρου (Upper Limb Surgery ) στο Royal Berkshire Hospital NHS, Reading, Berkshire, UK, υπό την καθοδήγηση του Professor Ofer (εμπνευστής και σχεδιαστής της ανάστροφης ολικής αρθροπλαστικής ώμου VERSO) που μαζί με τον Steve Copeland (εμπνευστής και σχεδιαστής της αρθροπλαστικής ώμου επιφανείας Copeland) αποτέλεσαν πρωτοπόρους στην Χειρουργική του Άνω Άκρου σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο . Στη συνέχεια, διετέλεσε έμμισθος κλινικός υπότροφος (Senior Post CCT Clinical Fellow, 2016) στο Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, στον τομέα της Χειρουργικής Άνω Άκρου και σύμπλοκων Αρθροπλαστικών Ώμου και Αγκώνα (Upper Limb and Complex Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty Surgery), υπό την καθοδήγηση των Simon Lambert και Ian Bayley (εμπνευστής και σχεδιαστής της ολικής αρθροπλαστικής ώμου Bayley Walker).

Είναι μέλος του British Elbow and Shoulder Society από το 2015. Επιπλέον, είναι μέλος πολλών ελληνικών και ξένων επιστημονικών επιτροπών και οργανώσεων και παραμένει ακαδημαϊκά ενεργός, ως Διδάκτορας του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, έχοντας στο ενεργητικό του πολλαπλές δημοσιεύσεις άρθρων και πρωτοποριακών χειρουργικών τεχνικών σε επιστημονικά περιοδικά και επιθεωρήσεις του εξωτερικού καθώς και συμμετοχή στην συγγραφή αλλά και μετάφραση σύγχρονων συγγραμμάτων Ορθοπαιδικής.

Dr. Nikolopoulos Ioannis, MD, MSc, is an Orthopedic Surgeon, graduate of the Medical School of the University of Ioannina, with a Master's degree in Metabolic Bone Diseases. He is a Scientific Associate - Orthopedic Surgeon at Metropolitan Hospital and maintains private practices in Aspropyrgos and at the Medica Polyclinic in Agios Stefanos. He provides high-level services for the treatment and rehabilitation of a wide range of orthopedic and musculoskeletal conditions in adults and children, such as chondropathy, osteoarthritis, scoliosis, kyphosis, fractures, sports injuries, and upper limb neuropathy. Additionally, he offers consulting services for osteoporosis screening. He specializes in Minimally Invasive Surgery for performing surgical procedures such as total hip and knee arthroplasty, and continues to enhance his surgical expertise abroad. Moreover, he has numerous publications in reputable international and Greek scientific journals and has participated as a speaker at domestic and international conferences.

Ο Dr. Ανδρέας Αρτινόπουλος είναι Ορθοπαιδικός Χειρουργός, διατηρεί ιδιωτικό ιατρείο στην Αθήνα και στην Νέα Ερυθραία και είναι συνεργάτης του Νοσοκομείου Ερρίκος Ντυνάν. Εκπαιδεύτηκε στην 4η Ορθοπαιδική Κλινική του Νοσοκομείου ΚΑΤ και στο νοσοκομείο Παίδων "Η Αγία Σοφία", αποκτώντας ολοκληρωμένη εμπειρία σε ολόκληρο το φάσμα της ορθοπαιδικής χειρουργικής και τραυματολογίας ενηλίκων και Παίδων.Πραγματοποίησε μετεκπαίδευση (fellowship) στο Hôpital de La Tour στη Γενεύη, Ελβετία, στη Χειρουργική Ισχίου καθώς και στη Χειρουργική Άκρου Ποδός.Διαθέτει διεθνείς δημοσιεύσεις, συμμετοχές σε συνέδρια και ερευνητικά προγράμματα. Είναι ενεργό μέλος του Ιατρικού Συλλόγου Αθηνών (ΙΣΑ) και της Ελληνικής Εταιρείας Χειρουργικής Ορθοπαιδικής και Τραυματολογίας (ΕΕΧΟΤ).Στόχος του είναι η παροχή σύγχρονης, εξατομικευμένης ορθοπαιδικής φροντίδας βασισμένης στις τελευταίες επιστημονικές κατευθυντήριες οδηγίες.

Dr. Perpirakis Konstantinos is an Orthopedic Surgeon and maintains a private practice in Piraeus. He holds an MSc in Metabolic Bone Diseases from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and has been trained in Orthopedics at KAT Hospital, Pediatric Orthopedics at Aghia Kyriaki Children’s Hospital, and is specialized in the United Kingdom. He currently serves as an Orthopedic Surgeon at IATRIKO Palaiou Faliro.

Panagiotis Papagiannopoulos MD, MSc, F.E.B.O.T. is an Orthopedic Surgeon who maintains a private practice in Piraeus. He is a graduate of the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and holds a Master’s Degree (MSc) in Health Unit Management from the Hellenic Open University. Additionally, he has obtained the title of Fellow of the E.B.O.T. (European Board of Orthopaedics and Traumatology) following examinations conducted by the European Federation of National Associations of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (E.F.O.R.T.). He has served as an Attending Orthopedic Surgeon at the Vitos Clinic Kassel in Germany and as an Attending Physician at the Sports Injuries Clinic of Metropolitan General. In his private practice, he manages a wide range of cases and provides specialized medical services including, among others, sports injuries, arthroscopic surgery of the knee and shoulder, and minimally invasive hip and knee arthroplasty.

Stylianos Kouzoupis is an Orthopedic Surgeon who has maintained a private practice in Piraeus since 2004. He graduated from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and completed his specialty in Orthopedics at the Attica General Hospital KAT. He specializes in Hip and Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy, and Traumatology. In addition to his private practice, he is a Scientific Associate at "Hygeia" Hospital and Metropolitan Hospital. Previously, he worked for several years at IKA Piraeus as an Orthopedic Surgeon and served as the Physician for the Hellenic Equestrian Federation. Finally, he is a member of the Hellenic Society of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology.