Mental Health Counselor
347

Mental Health Counselors

About the specialist

Karagianni Pinelopi is a Psychotherapist - Group Analyst and maintains her private practice in Exarchia. She successfully completed the training program of the Athens Institute of Group Analysis, which includes clinical practice in a Psychotherapeutic Community, coordination of analytic groups, participation in the Child and Family Therapy department, and supervision of therapeutic activities as required by the Hellenic Association of Psychotherapy. She has attended numerous trainings, including those on life coaching, eating disorders, adolescent psychopathology, parental counseling, LGBTQ+ counseling, and career orientation. It would be a significant omission not to mention that she holds a postgraduate degree in health unit management from the Hellenic Open University. In her private practice, she addresses a wide range of cases and specializes in Psychosomatic Symptoms, Individual, and Group Psychotherapy.

Zaimi 34, Exarcheia, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist
Συστημική Συμβουλευτική , Ψυχοθεραπεία, Life Coaching , On line

Samou 42, Koropi, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Existential Psychotherapy
About the specialist
Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια Υπαρξιακή Φαινομενολογική Ψυχοθεραπεία και Οικογενειακή συμβουλευτική και θεραπεία.

Leoforos Vasilissis Sofias 122 (dipla sto sinema Athinaion), Ampelokipoi, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Integrated Psychotherapy Gestalt Therapy Person-Centered Psychotherapy Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
About the specialist

Η Ειρήνη Πουλάκου είναι Σύμβουλος Ψυχικής Υγείας με γραφείο στα Άνω Πατήσια,όπου παρέχει δια ζώσης και online συνεδρίες, προσφέροντας έναν ασφαλή και υποστηρικτικό χώρο προσωπικής έκφρασης και εξέλιξης.Διαθέτει εμπειρία στην υποστήριξη παιδιών, εφήβων, ενηλίκων, ζευγαριών και οικογενειών, καθώς και στη διαχείριση άγχους, κρίσεων πανικού, συναισθηματικών δυσκολιών, χαμηλής αυτοεκτίμησης και δυσκολιών στις διαπροσωπικές σχέσεις.Ως εκπαιδευτικός, γνωρίζει σε βάθος το σχολικό πλαίσιο και τις προκλήσεις που αντιμετωπίζουν μαθητές και γονείς, προσεγγίζοντας κάθε περίπτωση με κατανόηση και ουσιαστική στήριξη.Έχει ολοκληρώσει εξειδικευμένες επιμορφώσεις στο Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ), μεταξύ των οποίων:

• Σχολική Ψυχολογία

• Συμβουλευτική Γονέων & Οικογένειας

• Διαταραχές Προσωπικότητας Cluster C σε Εφήβους & Ενήλικες

• Διαχείριση Άγχους & Πανικού

• Αναγνώριση Συναισθημάτων στα Παιδιά

• Συμβουλευτική Ζεύγους & Οικογένειας

Επιπλέον, έχει ολοκληρώσει το "Higher Professional Diploma in Counselling and Psychology (QLS Level 5)", πιστοποιημένο από το Quality Licence Scheme και το DEQUALS Educational Leaders (UK).Στόχος της είναι να δημιουργεί ένα ζεστό, ασφαλές και υποστηρικτικό πλαίσιο, όπου κάθε άνθρωπος μπορεί να εκφραστεί ελεύθερα, να ανακουφιστεί και να προχωρήσει με μεγαλύτερη αυτογνωσία και ψυχική ενδυνάμωση.Με σεβασμό, αποδοχή και ουσιαστική παρουσία, στέκεται δίπλα σε κάθε άνθρωπο που αναζητά υποστήριξη και αλλαγή.

Σκιάθου 92-94, Ano Patisia, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Ioanna Psomiadi MSc is a Mental Health Consultant - Psychotherapist with private practices in Voula and Acharnes. She holds a degree in Psychology from the American College of Athens and possesses a Certification of Specialization in Cognitive Behavioral Theory & Clinical Practice from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA). Continuing her studies, she obtained a Master's degree in Human Resource Management for large enterprises (HR) from Bolton University and completed the Group Psychotherapy program at the Athens Center for the Study of Human Behavior (AKMA), as well as the one-year One-Way Mirror Seminar: Effects of mirrors on individual human behavior program. Subsequently, through a series of seminars and clinical training, she has worked in group psychotherapy programs at various psychological support centers in Athens, where she has developed extensive experience in emotional disorders, interpersonal relationships, mood disorders, separations, management of low self-esteem, and generally psychological monitoring and support of adolescents and adults. Since 2022, she has collaborated and contributed articles as a Scientific Associate on Mental Health topics for health and wellness blogs and magazines (Vita.gr, Shape.gr, etc.). In February 2025, she was awarded by the HEALTH EAGLES for patient preference and trust as a psychotherapist. Finally, she undertakes individual therapies providing flexible sessions outside regular office hours, conducting daily appointments by telephone and via Skype for urgent issues, for individuals residing abroad, and for those with difficult and inflexible work schedules and daily obligations.

94 Vasileos Pavlou Avenue, Voula, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Anxiety and worry Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
About the specialist

Eirini Karypidou is a Mental Health Counselor working with adults experiencing anxiety, panic attacks, depressive mood, low self-esteem, or emotional exhaustion. The therapeutic process provides a space of acceptance and freedom, where the individual can express themselves without fear of judgment and process their difficulties at their own pace. Her approach is based on respecting the uniqueness of each person and establishing a relationship of trust. Her goal is to consistently and empathetically support each individual in the deeper understanding of themselves and their emotions.

If you are experiencing anxiety, emotional stress, or relationship difficulties and feel the need for a safe space for expression, mental health counseling can serve as a meaningful support.

Available for online sessions.

Διαθέσιμη μέσω βιντεοκλήσης και κατ' οίκον, Komotini, ΡΟΔΟΠΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Feeling of fear and panic Integrated Psychotherapy
About the specialist

Katopodi Iro is a Mental Health Counselor maintaining a private practice in Nea Filadelfia. She holds an Integrative Counselling Diploma from Counselling & Psychotherapy in Scotland and has been trained in Integrative Psychotherapy. She has received specialized training from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens in the program "Mental Health: Traumatic Events & Loss-Grief Management." Additionally, as part of her continuous professional development and enhancement of her knowledge and skills, she has participated in and completed various training programs and seminars in "Art Therapy with an emphasis on Visual Arts," Neuropsychology (Neuropsychology Diploma), and Dream Analysis and Therapy (Dream Analysis and Therapy Diploma). Finally, she holds a degree in Economic Science (BSc in Economics) from the Athens University of Economics and Business, as well as certification in Workplace Wellness and Human Resource Management.

Αννέων 2, Nea Filadelfia, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Integrated Psychotherapy Gestalt Therapy
About the specialist

Panagopoulou Athanasia is a Narrative and Integrative Psychotherapist - Mental Health Counselor of combined methods, specializing in eating disorders and caregiver support for guardians of individuals with disabilities. She maintains a private practice under the name AION in Acharnes. She has completed postgraduate studies as a Master Practitioner in Eating Disorders at Keadd and the National Centre for Eating Disorders in the UK. Additionally, she is an energy healer (Shamanic medicine, Theta Healing, Reiki Usui, Brahman method) and laughter therapist (Laughter Yoga by Dr. Madan Kataria). She volunteered at the Hellenic Society for the Protection of Autistic Individuals, actively participating in many of its initiatives. She was one of the key organizing members of autism festivals for the Hellenic Society for the Protection of Autistic Individuals and the creator of social television spots focused on autism. Beyond individual sessions, she is also involved in psychotherapy and self-awareness group work.

Λεωφόρος Ιωνίας 111, Acharnes, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Person-Centered Psychotherapy
About the specialist

Anna Xanioti is a Mental Health Counselor and Psychotherapist specializing in the Person-Centered Approach. She trained in the 4-year experiential program "Person-Centered Roots" at the College of Humanistic Studies ICPS in Athens. She is a certified Psychotherapist accredited by the European Association of Psychotherapy (EAP) and holds the European Certificate of Psychotherapy (ECP). She ensures her professional development through continuous supervision, therapy, and participation in seminars and conferences. Her areas of interest include the integration of contemporary neuroscience with psychotherapy, developmental trauma and its impact on personal relationships, psychoemotional care of women during menopause, and encounter and personal development groups.

Παμφυλίας 24 (3ος όροφος), Palaio Faliro, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Xorianopoulou Andriani is a Mental Health Counselor - Psychotherapist with a private practice in Pangrati. She holds a degree in Sociology from Panteion University and a master's degree in Counseling and Psychotherapy from the University of East London. Additionally, she specialized in Cognitive Psychotherapy at the Kostas Stefanis Research University Institute of Mental Health, Neurosciences and Precision Medicine, in collaboration with the First Psychiatric Clinic of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. She has also volunteered as a psychotherapist at the Social Protection and Solidarity Organization of the Municipality of Vrilissia and at the Parental Equality for the Child Association. Furthermore, in the context of ongoing professional development, she has attended numerous training programs, workshops, and seminars and is a member of the Hellenic Association of Cognitive Psychotherapies and the European Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies.

Alkimahou 1 (Plision Metro Eyaggelismos), Pagrati, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Papasavva Vilma is an adult and couples psychotherapist and maintains a private practice in Neo Psychiko. She has completed postgraduate studies in Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy (MSc) at the American College of Greece, Deree. She holds degrees from the Faculty of Philosophy of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and from the University of Kent in Canterbury (MA) in the United Kingdom. She has completed the Interdepartmental University Clinical Training Program in Group Dynamics in Psychiatric Settings at the Hellenic Society of Psychoanalytic Group Psychotherapy. She has experience working with public institutions (Research University Institute of Mental Health - E.P.I.PSY., 18 ANO, Municipality of Filothei-Psychiko) as well as educational institutions (Counseling Center, Deree). She is a member of the American Psychological Association (APA). She works in both Greek and English. Her therapeutic approach is psychodynamic. She stays continuously updated in her field through participation in educational seminars of the Hellenic Society of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy (EPSPE), conferences, and psychoanalytic supervision. Alongside her clinical work, she contributes articles to Athens Voice. “Anxiety, depression, trauma, difficulties in relating, professional challenges, the emotional imprint of the family, grief, and losses are inscribed in the mind and body, creating confusion and psychological pain, often incomprehensible. My goal is to accompany my patients in an exploration that will gradually lead them to find their own answers to the essential questions of their lives, in a space of empathy and trust. Psychotherapy is a personal investment that yields benefits not only in the present but also in the future.”

Αδριανού 9, Neo Psychiko, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Triantafyllou Argyro is a Mental Health Counselor and maintains a private practice in Thessaloniki. She is a graduate of the Department of Greek Philology at Democritus University of Thrace, with a consistent focus on continuous education and specialization. Throughout her academic and professional career, she has enriched her knowledge with various studies and certifications in complementary therapies and counseling. She holds a diploma in Reflexology and certification in Therapeutic Counseling from the Humanistic Studies Center ICPS, as well as an internationally recognized status as a Bach Foundation Registered Practitioner (BFRP) from the Bach Centre in the United Kingdom. Additionally, she possesses specialized diplomas and international certifications in Auriculotherapy, Counseling in Eating Disorders, and Systemic Constellation. Her studies reflect her multidimensional scientific background and dedication to a holistic approach to human well-being.

26ης Οκτωβρίου 10, Thessaloniki, ΝΟΜΟΣ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗΣ

Next availability Book appointment

Ano Kavallari, Galatsi, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Integrated Psychotherapy
About the specialist
Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια, διατηρεί ιδιωτικό γραφείο στο Αιγάλεω και πραγματοποιεί online συνεδρίες

Πίνδου 30, Aigaleo, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Person-Centered Psychotherapy
About the specialist
Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια που υποστηρίζει θέματα όπως άγχος, σχέσεις, απώλεια και προσωπική ανάπτυξη

Χείρωνος 3, Pagrati, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Integrated Psychotherapy
About the specialist

Αναλαμβάνει ζητήματα όπως άγχος, φοβίες, κατάθλιψη, διαχείριση θυμού, διαζύγιο, θέματα ζευγαριού και οικογένειας, μετατραυματικό στρες, ψυχικό τραύμα, ψυχαναγκασμούς και ιδεοληψίες, πένθος και απώλεια, καθώς και θέματα προσωπικής ανάπτυξης και συμβουλευτικής γονέων.

Είναι απόφοιτος της Γερμανικής Σχολής Αθηνών και πτυχιούχος του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών από το Τμήμα Γερμανικής Φιλολογίας,καθώς και από το Τμήμα Φιλοσοφίας, Παιδαγωγικής και Ψυχολογίας. Έχει πραγματοποιήσει Μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές στη Διδακτική της Γερμανικής Γλώσσας και στην Εφαρμοσμένη Ψυχολογία. Ολοκλήρωσε τον τριετή κύκλο σπουδών στο Κέντρο Εφαρμοσμένων Θεραπευτικών Συστημάτων (ΚΕΘΕΣΥ), από όπου έλαβε την πιστοποίησή της ως Σύμβουλος Ψυχικής Υγείας στην Ανασυνδυασμένη – Εκλεκτική Ψυχοθεραπεία.

Είναι μέλος της Ελληνικής Εταιρείας Ανασυνδυασμένης Ψυχοθεραπείας και Συμβουλευτικής, της Ελληνικής Εταιρείας Συμβουλευτικής Ψυχολογίας, της Ελληνικής Εταιρείας Συμβουλευτικής, του Κέντρου Μελέτης και Εκπαίδευσης, καθώς και επίσημο επαγγελματικό μέλος της World Innovative Psychotherapy Association (WFP).

Η ειδικός διαθέτει πολυετή εμπειρία σε σχολεία, κλινικές και φορείς ψυχικής υγείας, ενώ έχει συμμετάσχει σε συνέδρια σε χώρες της Ευρώπης. Εστιάζει στη δημιουργία ενός ασφαλούς και υποστηρικτικού πλαισίου, αξιοποιώντας με ενσυναίσθηση, σεβασμό και αποδοχή διαφορετικές ψυχοθεραπευτικές προσεγγίσεις, όπως : η Αφηγηματική Θεραπεία, η Δραματοθεραπεία, η Κλινική Υπνοθεραπεία, η Μουσικοθεραπεία, η Συνθετική Θεραπεία, η Ψυχανάλυση, η Σχεσιακή Ψυχοθεραπεία, η Παιγνιοθεραπεία, και η Θεραπεία Σχημάτων.

Αναλαμβάνει ζητήματα όπως άγχος, φοβίες, κατάθλιψη, διαχείριση θυμού, διαζύγιο, θέματα ζευγαριού και οικογένειας, μετατραυματικό στρες, ψυχικό τραύμα, ψυχαναγκασμούς και ιδεοληψίες, πένθος και απώλεια, καθώς και θέματα προσωπικής ανάπτυξης και συμβουλευτικής γονέων.

Παρέχει ατομική θεραπεία, θεραπεία ζευγαριού, οικογενειακή και ομαδική θεραπεία, καθώς και συνεδρίες συμβουλευτικής γονέων.

Πίνδου 120, Papagou, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Lamprinopoulou Margarita is a Psychotherapist - Family Counselor and maintains a private practice in Marousi. She holds a degree in Psychology from the Open University of Edinburgh and a Bachelor in Art and Science from Deree College. She is a certified therapist in the "Walking in your shoes" method and has attended educational and experiential training seminars related to mental health at the Laboratory for the Exploration of Human Relations. She has served as a Trainer and Coordinator in numerous seminars and also participates voluntarily in many of them. Additionally, she has taken part in various conferences aimed at expanding her knowledge in her field. Finally, she is a member of the Hellenic Counseling Society and the European Counseling Association and is fluent in English and French.

Vasileos Konstantinou 35 & Antaiou, Marousi, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Dimitris Baklavas is a Mental Health Counselor and operates a private practice in Patissia. He holds a degree in Counseling Psychology from Edinburgh Napier University, affiliated with the Athens Synthesis Center. Additionally, he is certified in Counselling Skills and holds a diploma in Integrative Counselling from Counselling and Psychotherapy in Scotland. He also attends numerous seminars as part of his ongoing professional development.

Ioannou Drosopoulou 226, Patisia, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Psychotherapy Online Gestalt Therapy
About the specialist

Aslanidis Georgios is a Mental Health Counselor with a private practice in Ampelokipoi, offering support to individuals seeking to improve their mental well-being and quality of life. His goal is to create a safe and supportive environment where each person can freely express themselves, gain deeper understanding of their inner self, and develop new ways to manage everyday challenges.

He has been trained as a Gestalt Mental Health Counselor at the Gestalt Foundation – Center for Psychotherapy & Education, and also holds training in Mental Health Counseling from the Center for Applied Psychotherapy and Counseling (K.E.PSY.SY.). His approach is based on the principles of Gestalt therapy, emphasizing awareness, personal responsibility, and connection to the "here and now."

Within the counseling process, he supports individuals facing issues such as anxiety, relationship difficulties, low self-esteem, emotional challenges, or periods of personal transition. With respect for the uniqueness of each individual, he tailors the counseling process to meet the specific needs of each client.

Λοχ. Ξηρογιαννη 10, Zografou, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment

Mental Health Counselors

The mental health counselor deals with the study of behavior, mind, and thinking.


Log in or register to continue
Log in or register to continue

Continue with

or register with your email address

The password should contain at least 6 characters and 1 capital letter
Create a new password

Enter the email you used to register in doctoranytime and we'll send you a link to create new password

Your data is in good hands
doctor-graphic doctor-graphic

doctoranytime takes your health as well as your data protection very seriously!

In order to ensure you that:

  • you will continue to get the best possible treatment from the affiliated doctors and diagnostic centers
  • you will continue to book your appointments easily and quickly by having at the same time the right of evaluation
  • we will be able to contact you immediately in case of a change in your appointment
  • you will continue to receive our newsletter and health suggestions that may interest you

it is essential for us to collect and process your personal data to the extent that you allow.

For this reason, we would like to inform you that we take all the necessary measures in order to protect your personal data, according to the New European General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), the terms of the doctoranytime Privacy Policy (that you can read in detail here) and the law requirements.

If you have any questions regarding your privacy protection by doctoranytime or in case you wish to exercise your GDPR rights (information, access, correction, deletion, limitation of processing, portability of your data, objection and right to lodge a complaint with the Personal Data Protection Authority) you can contact the Data Protection Officer of doctoranytime on: [email protected].

Terms of Use

Congratulations!!

Your registration has completed.

Make a Video Consultation with a healthcare practitioner

Book your Video Consultation in 3 clicks and see your practitioner from your mobile, tablet or pc.

home
Consult your practitioner from the comfort of your home
time
Get an appointment immediately
data
Secure your personal data

You only have to select the option book an appointment for a Video Consultation.

BOOK AN APPOINTMENT
Unfortunately, no specialists are available now...
 doctor

Share your email and we will contact you if a practitioner is available for an instant consultation.

Your email has been submitted successfully

We will notify you by email if a practitioner becomes available. Meanwhile, feel free to search for other specialists available today or in the coming days.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
mental health

What it is

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy applied to problems such as depression, anxiety disorders, abuse, relationship and marriage problems, eating disorders and serious mental illness.The therapist emphasizes what is happening in the current life rather than the past and what led to the difficulties.

Approach

Identifying the distortions in a person's thinking that are causing problems and then examining these in the light of reality. Understanding the behaviour and motivations of others and using problem-solving skills to deal with difficult situations. Dealing with fears rather than avoiding them. Role-playing to better prepare for potentially problematic interactions with others. You become your own self-therapist.

How it could benefit you

Helps the individual to change dysfunctional thought patterns and behaviors. Improves your functioning and quality of life by helping to change patterns and behaviours. Teaches you to be your own self-therapist.

Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT)
mental health

What it is

It is a form of psychotherapy that teaches a person to identify negative thought patterns and change them. DBT reinforces the acceptance that all your thoughts are valid, as they are part of your life experiences and who you are. The person acts by doing the best they can for the moment. It is used for people with suicidal behavior, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorder, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, ADHD, depression, anxiety.

Approach

DBT focuses on acceptance and change. It helps the person to get to know themselves better, to think about why they do what they do, without judgment. Replacing a negative behavior or habit with ones that can improve the quality of life. Dialectic is the idea that two different things can be true at the same time. At the same time as accepting yourself exactly as you are, comes the recognition of your effort to change.

How it could benefit you

It helps you make positive changes in the way you act. It identifies your negative thought patterns and changes them, helping to make positive changes in the way you act. Teaches you ways to manage intense emotions and stressful thoughts when they occur.

Humanistic psychotherapy
mental health

What it is

Humanistic therapy is a form of psychotherapy in which self-awareness and self-acceptance are considered the keys to personal growth. It emphasizes creativity, collaboration and interaction between the individual and the therapist, using techniques such as role-play.

Approach

Each person is a combination of mind, emotions, body and soul with unique experiences and events. No single life event, personality trait or psychological diagnosis defines you.

How it could benefit you

It improves self-awareness and self-confidence, helps you understand how your past affects your present, how to deal effectively with stressful situations, improves human relationships and helps you better manage your emotions.

Psychodynamic psychotherapy
mental health

What it is

Psychodynamic psychotherapy is talk therapy that aims to understand current thoughts and feelings through the behaviours shaped by past experiences and the past. Understanding the past can help you avoid repeating unhelpful patterns that have existed in it and facilitate your quality of life alongside relief from distressing symptoms. It is used in depression, anxiety, interpersonal problems, addictions, trauma, eating disorders, personality disorder.

Approach

Psychodynamic psychotherapy provides a space to explore and understand how unhelpful patterns from the past may be influencing our current difficulties. Defence mechanisms are explored and how our feelings and behaviours in the present are shaped by our past experiences.

How it could benefit you

It helps people to live a healthier life. There may be things in a person's unconscious that they are not aware of that cause them pain or keep them stuck in the past. Identifying these and understanding them can lead you to move forward.

Systemic psychotherapy
mental health

What it is

Systemic psychotherapy is an approach about how the individual acts as part of a wider group or broader system of relationships: family, partner relationship, work, friendships, and social environment. This approach connects communication and interaction patterns with a problem or a difficulty that the individual may be experiencing.

Approach

Systemic psychotherapy identifies behavioral patterns within a persons’ relationships and in the way someone connects with others. It helps the individual understand themselves more effectively, along with their roles and communication style and supports them in developing more functional ways of thinking and communicating within their system.

How it could benefit you

It helps improve understanding of relationship and family dynamics. It can change dysfunctional communication and behavior patterns within the system, strengthen empathy, support the development of stronger relationships and help with managing conflicts and difficulties.

Filters
  • DO+ exclusive
  • Availability
  • Expertise
  • Services
  • Experience
  • Payment methods
  • Additional filters
  • Languages
  • Insurances
  • Gender
  • Theoretical Approaches
  • Therapeutic Techniques