Otolaryngologists (ENT) including treatment for children under 12 years near Kato Patisia

Dr. Med. Papaspyrou Konstantinos is an Otolaryngologist maintaining his private practice in Pangrati. He holds a degree from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and completed his Doctoral Thesis at the Medical School of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz in Germany. He specialized in Otolaryngology at the University ENT Clinic Mainz, Germany, where he also worked as a Specialist Otolaryngologist-Registrar (Facharzt) after obtaining his specialty certification. During his military service, he served as a Unit Physician at the Special Forces Training Center in Nea Peramos, Attica, and as a Unit Physician at the 124 Combat Wing in Tripoli. It would be remiss not to mention the physician’s extensive educational experience: He participated in the undergraduate teaching of medical students at the Medical School of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany, for five years in the course of Otolaryngology and also served as an examiner for students in the final oral examinations of the same course. Additionally, he took part in internal post-graduate training courses at the University ENT Clinic Mainz, Germany, delivering lectures and has participated as an instructor in the Mainzer Ultrasound Courses for ENT Doctors and Maxillofacial Surgeons 2012/13 Grundkurs der Kopf- Halssonographie (Postgraduate Ultrasound Seminar for ENT and Maxillofacial Surgeons – Basic Level), University ENT Clinic Mainz, Germany. Finally, the physician has an extensive record of scientific presentations at Greek and international conferences, as well as numerous scientific publications in Greek and foreign-language scientific journals.

Dr. Papadopoulou Elina is an Otolaryngologist who maintains a private practice in Koropi. She holds a degree from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and specialized in the Otolaryngology Clinic of the General Hospital of Athens "Elpis." The physician runs a modern and fully equipped private Otolaryngology clinic and is engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, and throat disorders in both children and adults. She has participated with lectures, free communications, and e-posters in Greek and international conferences and symposiums. The doctor has numerous publications in Greek and international otolaryngology journals and has contributed to translations of medical texts and books from the English language. She is also a member of the Athens Medical Association. Located just a few meters from the central square of Koropi, the clinic has been fully renovated and offers a minimalist and modern aesthetic aimed at making visitors feel comfortable during their stay. The examination room features ergonomic design and state-of-the-art medical equipment to seamlessly perform the necessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The clinic operates Monday through Friday from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

Dr. Ioannis Kotrotsos is an Otolaryngologist (ENT Surgeon) specializing in Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, having acquired significant clinical experience and training in Germany. He is a graduate of the Medical School of the University of Athens and holds a PhD degree from the University of Freiburg with the distinction “cum laude.”

A distinctive part of his training was his specialization at the University of Würzburg, where he deepened his expertise in voice disorders as well as audiological and speech disorders in children. In Germany, Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology are recognized subspecialties of ENT, which provides him with an additional level of expertise compared to the Greek standards.

He has worked in university and specialized clinics, and currently practices privately, examining a large number of patients with voice disorders, including professional voice users and artists. In his practice, he utilizes state-of-the-art equipment for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of conditions.

Simultaneously, he has significant experience in the assessment and management of pediatric cases, particularly in hearing and speech problems, based on the standards of modern European medicine.

His goal is to provide high-level, personalized care with an emphasis on scientific accuracy and a compassionate approach.

Aleksopoulos Grigorios is a Pediatric and Adult ENT Surgeon who maintains private practices in Nea Erythraia and Nea Iraklio. He graduated from the Military Medical School of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and specialized in Otolaryngology at the 2nd ENT Clinic of the General University Hospital "G. Gennimatas." Concurrently, he continued his education by participating in numerous international conferences and specialized in Endoscopic Surgery and Neurotology at centers abroad. He has served as a Consultant and subsequently as the Head of the ENT Department at the Central Clinic of the Hellenic Police (C.I.A). Additionally, he has served in the Health Directorate of the Hellenic Police and was the representative of the Hellenic Police in the Balkan Association of Military Medicine. Finally, his clinics are fully equipped with state-of-the-art technology, aiming for a reliable diagnostic and therapeutic approach to otorhinolaryngological conditions.

MD, MSc. Adult and Pediatric Otorhinolaryngologist – Head and Neck Surgeon.

Dr. Andreas Karelis, MD, MSc, is a specialized Adult and Pediatric Otorhinolaryngologist - Head and Neck Surgeon. He maintains a private practice in Glyfada and simultaneously serves as a Consultant at the Otorhinolaryngology Clinic of Mediterraneo Hospital, a scientific collaborator at Mediterraneo First Care, as well as a scientific collaborator at MITERA Hospital.

He graduated from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and holds a Master’s Degree (MSc) in "Nasal, Skull Base, and Facial Disorders", completed through an inter-university collaboration between NKUA and University of Patras.

He received his specialty in Otorhinolaryngology while serving at the hospitals G.N.A. "Korgialeneio – Benakeio, Hellenic Red Cross" and Athens Children's Hospital "Agia Sofia", where he gained experience in both general and pediatric ENT.

The physician has extensive scientific activity, with numerous participations in national and international conferences, seminars, and educational programs (courses), aimed at continuous education and advancement in the field of Otorhinolaryngology.

He is an active member of the Hellenic Rhinologic Society – Facial Plastic Surgery, as well as the Panhellenic Society of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery.

Pappa Persefoni is an Otolaryngologist who maintains private practices in Kypseli and Chalandri. She graduated from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and specialized in the Otolaryngology Clinic of the General Thoracic Diseases Hospital "Sotiria" from 2003 to 2008, when she obtained her Otolaryngology specialty certification from the Athens Prefecture. To date, she is a permanent Associate Physician at the private hospital "Hygeia". Additionally, Dr. Pappa has numerous presentations at conferences in her field and is a member of the Hellenic Rhinologic Society, the European Rhinologic Society, and the Athens Medical Association.

Vezyridou Stamatina is a Pediatric and Adult Otolaryngologist Surgeon with a private practice in Koropi. She is a graduate of the School of Medicine at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and completed postgraduate studies in "Audiology and Neurootology" at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA). She has extensive experience as a physician in various institutions and hospitals. From 2020 to 2022, she served as an Assistant Physician in the Otolaryngology Department at the General Children's Hospital of Athens Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou. Since then, she has maintained a private practice, managing cases across the full spectrum of her specialty, treating both adults and children.

Lathouras Athanasios, MD, MSc is an Otorhinolaryngologist and maintains a private practice in the Ambelokipi area. He is a graduate of Medicine from Comenius University and holds a Master's Degree in Audiology - Neurotology from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (N.K.U.A). He completed his specialization in Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery at the 1st Otorhinolaryngology Clinic of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (N.K.U.A) at the Hippocratio General Hospital of Athens. Finally, he is a collaborator at the 1st Otorhinolaryngology Clinic of the General Clinic "Mitera".

Η Βλάχου Σταματία είναι Ωτορινολαρυγγολόγος (ΩΡΛ), Διευθύντρια της Γ' ΩΡΛ κλινικής, Χειρουργικής Κεφαλής & Τραχήλου του Metropolitan General και διατηρεί ιδιωτικό ιατρείο στους Αμπελόκηπους. Είναι αριστούχα Διδάκτωρ και απόφοιτη της Ιατρικής Σχολής του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, ενώ παράλληλα είναι κάτοχος πτυχίου επιμόρφωσης με αντικείμενο την «Εισαγωγή στη Νανοϊατρική» από το ίδιο πανεπιστήμιο. Έχει μετεκπαιδευτεί στο εξωτερικό στην Ενδοσκοπική Χειρουργική Ρινός και Παραρρινίων, στην Ωτοχειρουργική, στη Χειρουργική με χρήση LASER, στην Ελάχιστα Επεμβατική Χειρουργική Στόματος και Λάρυγγα με χρήση laser, καθώς και στη Χειρουργική του Θυρεοειδούς. Κατά τη διάρκεια της επαγγελματικής της πορείας, εργάστηκε επί σειρά ετών στην ΩΡΛ Κλινική του Νοσοκομείου του Ελληνικού Ερυθρού Σταυρού, Κοργιαλένειο - Μπενάκειο, όπου εξελίχθηκε μέχρι τον βαθμό της Διευθύντριας. Εκεί εργάστηκε πάνω σε όλο το φάσμα της Χειρουργικής Κεφαλής και Τραχήλου και ήρθε αντιμέτωπη με εξαιρετικά σοβαρά περιστατικά. Αξιοσημείωτο είναι πως στο ενεργητικό της καταμετρά περισσότερες από 2000 επεμβάσεις, σε όλο το φάσμα της Χειρουργικής Ωτορινολαρυγγολογίας και Χειρουργικής Κεφαλής και Τραχήλου. Επιπρόσθετα, τα τελευταία 20 χρόνια δραστηριοποιείται με την εκπαίδευση ειδικευόμενων Ωτορινολαρυγγολόγων, τόσο σε θεωρητικό, όσο και σε πρακτικό επίπεδο (χειρουργική). Διαθέτει 12 συμμετοχές ως εκπαιδεύτρια στην Ενδοσκοπική Χειρουργική Ρινός - Παραρρινίων και την Ωτοχειρουργική, σε αντίστοιχα πρακτικά σεμινάρια και έχει συμμετάσχει σε μεγάλο αριθμό (άνω των 160) συνεδρίων και σεμιναρίων όλου του φάσματος της ειδικότητάς της, τόσο στην Ελλάδα όσο και στο εξωτερικό, είτε ως ομιλίτρια, εισητήγρια ή συντονίστρια στρογγύλων τραπεζών (άνω των 50), είτε με ελεύθερες ανακοινώσεις (άνω των 180), είτε ως μέλος της οργανωτικής ή επιστημονικής επιτροπής στη διοργάνωση αυτών. Έχει πραγματοποιήσει πλήθος δημοσιεύσεων σε έγκριτα ελληνικά και ξενόγλωσσα περιοδικά, καθώς συμμετείχε και στην μετάφραση του "Άτλαντα Χειρουργικής Κεφαλής και Τραχήλου" των Lore & Medina, εκδ. Κωνσταντάρας, 2007. Τέλος αποτελεί μέλος 10 ελληνικών και διεθνών εταιρειών, και είναι αντιπρόεδρος του ΔΣ της ΩΡΛ Εταιρείας Χειρουργικής Κεφαλής και Τραχήλου Αθηνών.

Andrianopoulos Dimosthenis MD, MSc is an Otolaryngologist Surgeon for adults and children, Director of the Endoscopic Surgery Unit at the 1st ENT Clinic of Mitera Hospital, former Senior Registrar at the 1st ENT Clinic of Errikos Dynan Hospital, and maintains a private practice in Chalandri. He is a PhD candidate at the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. Additionally, he holds a postgraduate degree in Health Administration from the University of Piraeus and has received advanced training in Otosurgery, Endoscopic Surgery of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses, and the full spectrum of Head, Neck, and Thyroid surgery. With his extensive experience, the doctor is able to examine, diagnose, and treat patients both at his private practice and at Mitera Hospital. The private office operates in a fully renovated and equipped space with modern ENT medical devices. Finally, the doctor is involved in the entire range of otolaryngological surgical procedures, particularly in Endoscopic Otosurgery, where he performed the first operation in Greece in November 2016.

Kanioura Eutyxia is an Otolaryngologist maintaining a private practice in Kallithea. She graduated from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and subsequently completed her rural service at the Molaoi Nursing Unit of the General Hospital of Laconia. She then specialized in Otolaryngology at the Air Force General Hospital and the First University Otolaryngology Clinic of the General Hospital of Athens Hippocrates, and has served as Attending Physician of the Otolaryngology Clinic at the Children's Hospital "Agia Sofia". Finally, she participates in numerous conferences related to Otolaryngology and provides her services at her private practice with a primary focus on the management of various Otolaryngological disorders.

Vasileiou Sofia is an Adult and Pediatric Otolaryngologist Surgeon with a private practice in Metamorfosi. Her practice offers comprehensive endoscopic nasal examinations, laryngoscopy, and otoneurological assessments. The doctor possesses extensive professional experience, having worked at renowned hospital institutions in Greece and abroad, such as the General Hospital of Athens "Evangelismos," the "Errikos Dynan" Hospital Center, the Children's General Hospital "P. & A. Kyriakou," as well as the Grosshouse Hospital of Glasgow and the Royal Hospital for Sick Children in Glasgow. She has significant surgical expertise across the broader scope of Otolaryngology. She specializes in endoscopic sinus surgery, microlaryngeal surgery, and otologic surgery and collaborates with the ORL Athens Clinic. Finally, she has accumulated substantial theoretical and practical experience in her specialty through participation in specialized training programs abroad and targeted educational seminars.

Η Πινιάρα Αναστασία είναι Χειρουργός Ωτορινολαρυγγολόγος και διατηρεί ιδιωτικό ιατρείο στον Πύργο Απόλλων στην Πανόρμου.

Είναι πτυχιούχος της Ιατρικής Σχολής του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης και το 2017 έλαβε τον τίτλο Ιατρικής Ειδικότητας Ωτορινολαρυγγολογίας - Χειρουργικής Κεφαλής και Τραχήλου.

Επιπλέον, είναι Διδάκτωρ Ιατρικής Σχολής του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών στη Νευροωτολογία (Βαρηκοΐα -Ίλιγγος- Εμβοές) και κάτοχος μεταπτυχιακού τίτλου σπουδών Master στη "Ρινολογία και Ρινοχειρουργική" από την Ιατρική Σχολή του Δημοκρίτειου Πανεπιστήμιου Θράκης.

Έχει ειδικευθεί στην Ωτορινολαρυγγολογία στο Γενικό Νοσοκομείο Νέας Ιωνίας-Πατησίων "Αγία Όλγα - Κωνσταντοπούλειο" όπου έλαβε εμπειρία κλινικής εξέτασης και χειρουργικής αντιμετώπισης πληθώρας περιστατικών σε όλο το φάσμα της ΩΡΛ και πραγματοποίησε Honorary Observership in Rhinology-Rhinosurgery στο Νοσοκομείο Guys &Thomas του Λονδίνου όπου έλαβε εξειδικευμένες γνώσεις για Ρινοπλαστική, Διαφραγματοπλαστικη και Ενδοσκοπική Χειρουργική Παραρρινιων (FESS). Μετά από επιτυχείς ευρωπαϊκες εξετάσεις κατέχει τον Πανευρωπαϊκό τίτλο Fellow of European Board of ORL-HNS.

Από το 2018 μέχρι και σήμερα είναι Επιμελήτρια ΩΡΛ Χειρουργός- Επιστημονική Συνεργάτης του Νοσοκομείου ΥΓΕΙΑ και έχει πραγματοποιήσει μεγάλο αριθμό επεμβάσεων Διαφραγματοπλαστικης, Λειτουργικής Ρινοπλαστικης , Αμυγδαλών, Τυμπανοπλαστικης, Ενδοσκοπικής Παραρρινιων, Φωνητικών Χορδών, , Παρωτιδεκτομής κτλ

Με σκοπό τη συνεχιζόμενη κατάρτησή της λαμβάνει μέρος σε πλήθος πανελλήνιων και διεθνών συνεδρίων ως ομιλήτρια αλλά και ως εκπαιδεύτρια instructor σε εκπαιδευτικά χειρουργικά σεμινάρια course με εξειδίκευση στη Ρινοπλαστική και την Ενδοσκοπική Χειρουργική Παραρρινίων και Διαφράγματος. Τέλος, αριθμεί πολλές δημοσιεύσεις και είναι μέλος της Ευρωπαϊκής Εταιρείας ΩΡΛ (Fellow of the European Board of ORL-HNS), της Ευρωπαϊκής Ρινολογικής Εταιρείας (ERS member), της Ελληνικής Ρινολογικής Εταιρείας και της Πανελλήνιας Εταιρείας Ωτορινολαρυγγολογίας και Χειρουργικής Κεφαλής Τραχήλου.

Avouris Ioannis is an Otolaryngologist who maintains a private practice in Piraeus and concurrently serves as the Deputy Director of the Otolaryngology Clinic at Metropolitan Hospital. He is a graduate of the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and a candidate for a Doctorate in Medicine. Additionally, he holds a diploma in Medical Acupuncture. He specialized in Otolaryngology at the General Hospital "Elpis" and has undertaken training in Neurosurgery and Plastic Surgery at the General Anti-Cancer - Oncology Hospital of Athens "Agios Savvas." He has served as a scientific collaborator and head in the ENT Clinics of the "Piraeus Therapeutic Center" and the Model Nursing Center of Piraeus "Agios Nikolaos." The physician provides high-level medical services across the full spectrum of his specialty, with particular expertise in the surgical treatment of sleep apnea and snoring, as well as pediatric otolaryngological surgery. He actively participates in educational seminars, workshops, and conferences to ensure continuous postgraduate training and specialization. Finally, he is a member of the Piraeus Medical Association, the Hellenic Society of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and the Scientific Association of Medical Acupuncture Physicians of Greece.

Latzonis Ioannis is an Otolaryngologist Surgeon and has maintained a private practice in Ilion since 2024. He graduated from the Medical School of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.

In 2020, he completed his six-year specialization in Otolaryngology at the 2nd University ENT Clinic of "Attikon" Hospital and in the Pediatric ENT Clinic of the Children's Hospital of Patras "Karamandaneio".

After obtaining his specialty title, he worked for two years as a Senior Registrar at the ENT Clinic of Kalamata General Hospital, gaining extensive experience in the diagnosis as well as the conservative and surgical management of the full spectrum of ENT pathology.

In 2022, he successfully participated in the written and oral examinations for the European Specialty in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery in Vienna, from which he received the title "FEBORL - HNS" (Fellow of the European Board in Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery).

Since 2023, he has been affiliated with the private hospitals Iaso (General Clinic - Pediatrics) and Mitera (3rd Pediatric ENT Clinic), while since June 2024 he has also been a Consultant at the ENT Clinic of Iaso.

Finally, he is fluent in English and has numerous participations and presentations/posters at Greek and European conferences, numerous publications in international medical journals and collective volumes, as well as a wealth of work and presentations as part of the training he provided to junior ENT specialists at the University Hospital "Attikon" and Kalamata General Hospital clinics.

Ο Σαμαράς Γεώργιος είναι Χειρουργός Εξειδικευμένος Ωτορινολαρυγγολόγος Ενηλίκων και Παίδων - MSc Παθήσεις ρινός, Βάσης Κρανίου και Προσωπικής χώρας.

Διατηρεί το δικό του ιατρείο στο Παγκράτι, είναι Επιμελητής στο Mediterraneo Hospital και κατέχει θέση Ωτορνολαρυγγολόγου στα Πολυϊατρεία του ΕΔΟΕΑΠ.

Παράλληλα είναι Εξωτερικός Συνεργάτης διαφόρων ιδιωτικών κλινικών και Νοσοκομείων.

Αποφοίτησε από το Τμήμα Ιατρικής του Δημοκριτείου Πανεπιστημίου Θράκης (Δ.Π.Θ.) και έχει ολοκληρώσει με βαθμό ΑΡΙΣΤΑ το διιδρυματικό μεταπτυχιακό πρόγραμμα σπουδών του τμήματος ιατρικής του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών και του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών: παθήσεις ρινός, βάσης κρανίου και προσωπικής χώρας, ενώ εκπονήθηκε η διπλωματική εργασία με θέμα τις ενδοσκοπικές και εξωτερικές προσπελάσεις του μετωπιαίου κόλπου.

Διετέλεσε ειδικευόμενος στο Γενικό Νοσοκομείο Μυτιλήνης "Βοστάνειο" και Γενικό Νοσοκομείο Αθηνών "Κοργιαλένειο - Μπενάκειο, Ελληνικός Ερυθρός Σταυρός", όπου και απέκτησε εμπειρία σε πλήθος περιστατικών ενηλίκων και παίδων.

Έχει λάβει μέρος σε διάφορες μετεκπαιδεύσεις, κυρίως στην ενδοσκοπική χειρουργική ρινός και παραρρινίων κόλπων, στη ρινοπλαστική, καθώς και στη χειρουργική παθήσεων του ωτός.

Τέλος, ο γιατρός έχει συμμετάσχει σε πλήθος συνεδρίων και μετεκπαιδευτικών σεμιναρίων με ενεργή συμμετοχή σε εργασίες, άρθρα και ανακοινώσεις.

Ziara Olga is an Otolaryngologist (ENT) with a private practice in Marousi. She holds a Medical Degree from Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and completed a five-year training program at St George's, Evelina-Guy's & St Thomas, and Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, where she specialized, among other areas, in Pediatric ENT. Additionally, she has significant experience in head and neck surgery. In her private practice, she offers specialized solutions tailored to her patients' needs, covering a wide range of conditions such as pharyngitis, snoring, laryngitis, hearing loss, and asthma.

Parlavantza Sofia-D is an Otolaryngologist. After studying at Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich and the Medical Department of the University of Patras, she obtained her Medical Degree in 2007. She began her career at the Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, General Surgery, and Endocrine Surgery at Florence Nightingale Krankenhaus Düsseldorf, and completed her full Otolaryngology specialty training at Hellersen Hospital Lüdenscheid, an Academic Clinic of the University of Bonn. In May 2013, she obtained the title of Otolaryngologist, Head and Neck Surgeon after examinations from the Ärztekammer Westfalen-Lippe. Subsequently, as a specialist, she contributed to the establishment of the Otolaryngology Clinic at Vilingen-Schwenningen Hospital, where she worked for a short period. Concurrently, she completed her postgraduate studies at the Medical Department of the University of Ulm by attending the postgraduate program of ESMO (European Society for Medical Oncology), obtaining the title Master of Science in Advanced Oncology. Afterwards, she worked in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Clinic, Head and Neck Oncology Center Fachklinik Hornheide Münster, where she joined the team of Otolaryngologists and Maxillofacial Surgeons. In 2016, following examinations, she obtained the title of specialization in Plastic Surgery in the field of Head and Neck (Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery).

Euaggelou Ioannis is an Otolaryngologist with a private practice in Peristeri. He holds a medical degree from the Military Officers School of Corps and the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. He has obtained a Master's degree (MSc) in "Diseases of the Nose, Skull Base and Facial Region" under Professor Mr. Daniilidis at the ENT Clinic of the Medical School of the University of Patras, and has further specialized in the "Audiology and Neurotology" Study Program (Cert. Ot.-Aud.) at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. He is the Deputy Director of the ENT Clinic at the 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, former ENT Consultant at Clinic 417 of the Army Share Fund Nursing Institution (N.I.M.T.S), and an External Associate of the "Errikos Dynan Hospital Center," "Mitera Hospital," and "ORL Athens Clinic." He has also been trained in tympanoplasty and the treatment of middle ear diseases at universities abroad and is specialized in head and neck surgery. In his private practice in Peristeri, he offers specialized services for the treatment of all otorhinolaryngological conditions, such as rhinitis, sinusitis, epistaxis, nasal fractures, nasal polyps, vertigo, diseases of the vocal cords and larynx, sleep apnea, among others. Additionally, he performs examinations such as audiograms and tympanograms, complete audiological testing, ear endoscopy with digital recording, and endoscopic examination of the nose and nasopharynx. He has extensive experience in middle ear, head, and neck surgery and undertakes surgical procedures such as tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, nasal septum surgery, rhinoplasty, and otosurgery.